:root {
  --text: #1f2328;
  --muted: #6a737d;
  --accent: #1F4079;        /* Brighter navy — readable as "blue" on white */
  --accent-hover: #13294B;  /* True Illinois navy on hover */
  --orange: #E84A27;        /* Illinois orange */
  --orange-soft: #c43c1d;
  --border: #e5e7eb;
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-alt: #fafbfc;
  --max-width: 1080px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue",
               Arial, "Liberation Sans", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16.5px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text);
  background: var(--bg);
}

.container {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
}

/* ---------- Header ---------- */
.site-header {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--bg);
}

.site-header .container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding-top: 18px;
  padding-bottom: 18px;
}

.brand {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-header nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 26px;
}

.site-header nav a {
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.97rem;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
}

.site-header nav a:hover { color: var(--orange); }
.site-header nav a.active { border-bottom-color: var(--orange); color: var(--accent); }

/* ---------- Links ---------- */
a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { color: var(--orange); text-decoration: underline; }

/* ---------- Home layout (two-column) ---------- */
.layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 280px 1fr;
  gap: 56px;
  padding-top: 48px;
  padding-bottom: 64px;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; padding-top: 32px; }
}

.sidebar { font-size: 0.95rem; }

.photo-placeholder {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e8eef5, #d4dde8);
  border-radius: 6px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.headshot {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 6px;
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.sidebar h1 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.sidebar .title {
  margin: 0 0 4px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.sidebar .affil {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.contacts {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding-top: 16px;
}

.contacts li {
  padding: 5px 0;
}

.contacts a {
  display: inline-block;
}

/* ---------- Main content ---------- */
.content h2 {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.content h2:not(:first-child) { margin-top: 40px; }

.content p {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
}

.content .interests {
  color: var(--text);
}

.featured-paper {
  padding: 18px 20px;
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--orange);
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.featured-paper .paper-title {
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 4px;
}

.featured-paper .paper-meta {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: 0;
}

/* ---------- Research page ---------- */
.research h1 {
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin: 48px 0 8px;
}

.research-subtitle {
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: 0 0 40px;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.research section { margin-bottom: 48px; }

.research section > h2 {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.paper {
  padding: 22px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.paper:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.paper:last-child  { border-bottom: none; }

.paper h3 {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.paper h3 .alt-title {
  display: block;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.paper .meta {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.paper .meta em { font-style: italic; color: var(--text); }

/* ---------- Action row (links + abstract toggle) ---------- */
.actions {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.93rem;
}

.actions li { margin: 0; }

.actions a, .actions summary {
  color: var(--accent);
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.actions a:hover, .actions summary:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Abstract toggle: a normal link, expanded body slides open below */
.abstract-toggle {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.abstract-body {
  display: none;
  margin-top: 14px;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border-left: 2px solid var(--border);
  font-size: 0.97rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #333;
}

.abstract-body.open { display: block; }

.abstract-body p { margin: 0 0 8px; }
.abstract-body p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.placeholder-note {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

/* ---------- Teaching page ---------- */
.course {
  padding: 22px 0;
}

.course h3 {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.course p { margin: 0 0 12px; }

.recognition {
  margin-top: 18px;
  padding: 16px 20px;
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--orange);
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}

.recognition-label {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--orange);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.recognition-body { margin: 0 !important; font-size: 0.97rem; }

.ta-line {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.ta-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0 0 16px;
}

.ta-list li {
  padding: 4px 0 4px 14px;
  position: relative;
  color: var(--text);
}

.ta-list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 14px;
  width: 6px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--muted);
}

/* ---------- CV page ---------- */
.cv .cv-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  margin: 48px 0 8px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.cv .cv-head h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.cv-updated {
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.cv-pdf-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 9px 18px;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff !important;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.93rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-decoration: none;
  margin-top: 4px;
  transition: background-color 0.15s ease;
}

.cv-pdf-btn:hover {
  background: var(--orange);
  color: #fff !important;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.cv section { margin-top: 40px; }

.cv section > h2 {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.cv-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.cv-list li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 150px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 8px 0;
  align-items: baseline;
}

/* Awards have no year column — single-column layout */
.cv-list.awards-list li {
  display: block;
  padding: 4px 0;
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .cv-list li {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2px;
    padding: 10px 0;
  }
}

.cv-years {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.cv-detail {
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.cv-subtitle {
  margin: 28px 0 8px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.cv-prose {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.cv-year-block {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.cv-year-block strong {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

/* ---------- Footer ---------- */
footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  margin-top: 80px;
  padding: 24px 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

footer p { margin: 0; }